Fri Sep 20 2024

115 articles - From Friday Sep 13 2024 to Friday Sep 20 2024

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…

Am J Gastroenterol

Guidelines in Practice: Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

THE LYON SCORE: A NOVEL REFLUX SCORING SYSTEM BASED ON THE LYON CONSENSUS 2.0 THAT ASSOCIATES WITH TREATMENT OUTCOME FROM ANTI-REFLUX THERAPY.

The Lyon score segregated treatment response in both the European (AUC 0.908, p<0.001) and Asian validation cohorts (AUC 0.637, p<0.001), and outperformed the DeMeester score in sensitivity for predicting outcome in the developmental and Asian validation cohorts. The novel Lyon score segregates reflux phenotypes, and identifies likelihood of symptom response from antireflux therapy.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

American Gastroenterological Association Clinical Practice Update on Endoscopic Scoring Systems in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Commentary.

This expert commentary was commissioned and approved by the AGA Institute Clinical Practice Updates Committee and the AGA Governing Board to provide timely guidance on a topic of high clinical importance to the AGA membership and underwent internal peer review by the Clinical Practice Updates Committee and external peer review through standard procedures of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. This expert commentary incorporates essential studies in this field and reflects the authors' expertise in the endoscopic evaluation of inflammatory bowel disease.

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Endosc Int Open

The updated Asia-Pacific consensus statement on the role of endoscopic management in malignant hilar biliary obstruction.

The statements and key concepts dealt with multiple aspects of endoscopy-based management in MHBO starting from diagnosis, strategies and options for biliary drainage, management of recurrent biliary obstruction, management of cholecystitis after biliary stenting, and adjunctive treatment before stenting. Although the recommendations may assist physicians in planning the treatment for MHBO patients, they should not replace the decision of a multidisciplinary team in the management of individual patients.

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Gastroenterology

AGA Clinical Practice Update on Integrating Potassium-Competitive Acid Blockers Into Clinical Practice: Expert Review.

BEST PRACTICE ADVICE 8: Clinicians should generally not use P-CABs as first-line therapy in the treatment or prophylaxis of peptic ulcer disease. BEST PRACTICE ADVICE 9: Although there is currently insufficient evidence for clinicians to use P-CABs as first-line therapy in patients with bleeding gastroduodenal ulcers and high-risk stigmata, their rapid and potent acid inhibition raises the possibility of their utility in this population.

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Gastrointest Endosc

American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guideline on role of endoscopy in the diagnosis and management of solid pancreatic masses: methodology and review of evidence.

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Submucosal injection fluid and tattoo agents.

Endoscopists performing EMR and ESD have several choices in submucosal injection materials for lifting and marking agents for tattoos. These may be commercially prepared agents or off-the-shelf materials with or without additives to facilitate visualization. A thorough understanding of the indications, techniques, properties of various agents, costs, and adverse events is necessary in choosing the appropriate materials and technique to optimize lesion resection in EMR and ESD.

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J Hepatol

Rare primary liver cancers: An EASL position paper.

In this position paper, an international panel of experts representing oncology, hepatology, pathology, radiology, surgery, and molecular biology has summarised the available information and evidence on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of rare PLCs. While clinical trials of systemic treatments are underway for some rare PLCs, it is evident that more research, involving national and international collaboration, is required.

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Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Am J Gastroenterol

Comparative efficacy and safety of Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker (P-CAB) based dual, triple and quadruple regimens for first line H. pylori infection treatment: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

In this NWM concerning the comparative efficacy and safety of P-CAB based dual, triple and quadruple regimens for first line H. pylori infection treatment, the overall results showed that PCAB based dual treatment ranked first for efficacy with the best-integrated efficacy-safety profile. This is of importance, since the dual regimens overcome the crucial issue of clarithromycin resistance. Consequently, these findings are expected to be useful in helping clinical decision-making and future guidelines.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Efficacy of hemostatic powder monotherapy versus conventional endoscopic treatment for nonvariceal gastrointestinal bleeding: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

In conclusion, HP monotherapy surpassed CET in terms of the initial hemostasis rate and 30-day rebleeding rate for patients with malignancy-related GI bleeding. However, their relative efficacy for non-malignancy-related GI bleeding remains unresolved.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Impact of non-selective beta blockers on further decompensation and death in decompensated cirrhosis: Benefit and risk stratification by MELD score.

NSBBs may be beneficial for the prevention of further decompensation in cirrhotic patients with a MELD score of ≤9, but deleterious in those with a MELD score of >9.

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Long-term benefit of ustekinumab in ulcerative colitis in clinical practice: ULISES study.

Ustekinumab durability in UC was relatively high, and treatment was effective in highly refractory patients. The safety profile was consistent with previous studies.

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Am J Gastroenterol

A Stool DNA-Based SDC2 Methylation Test for the Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer in an Asymptomatic, High-Risk Population: A Multicenter Prospective Randomized Trial.

The stool DNA-based SDC2 methylation test attained a high sensitivity for CRC detection in an asymptomatic high-risk population. Further large-scale clinical studies are required to validate the clinical utility of this test as a population-based CRC screening tool.

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Development and Validation of a Clinical Nomogram for Predicting Complications From Pediatric Multiple Magnet Ingestion: A Large Retrospective Study.

Our nomogram demonstrates excellent discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility and may thus help clinicians accurately assess the risk of complications from pediatric multiple magnet ingestion.

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Global Epidemiology of Cirrhosis in Women.

Sex differences in epidemiology are likely multifactorial, influenced by varying risk factors, susceptibility and behaviors between sexes. Further research is necessary to better understand these disparities and to tailor sex-specific interventions towards improved management and treatment strategies, ultimately enhancing outcomes for women with cirrhosis and providing better patient-centered care.

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Prevalence of Belching Disorders and Their Characteristics in the General Adult Population.

A detailed epidemiology of belching disorders in adults was clarified.

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The Role of Diet in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Onset, Disease Management, and Surgical Optimization.

Further research is needed to fully elucidate how, when, and in whom diet therapies may be best applied to improve clinical and disease outcomes. The aim of this review is to summarize current research findings and serve as a tool to help facilitate patient-clinician conversations.

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Endosc Int Open

Additional over-the-scope-clip closure can shorten endoscopic vacuum therapy for postoperative upper gastrointestinal leakage.

The addition of OTSCs after successful EVT is safe and has the potential to shorten leakage therapy, enabling earlier discharge along with better functional outcomes.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Efficacy and safety of radial incision and cutting for nonsurgical refractory benign esophageal stricture.

RIC for nonsurgical refractory benign esophageal stricture is an effective and safe treatment option.

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Endoscopic ultrasound classification for prediction of endoscopic submucosal dissection resectability: PREDICT classification.

EUS may have an important role in predicting ESD resectability of gastric and colorectal cancers suspected of having SM invasion.

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Lymphovascular invasion is a dominant risk factor for lymph node metastasis in T2 rectal cancer.

Moreover, low age constituted an independent risk factor, whereas gender, resection margin, PNI, histologic grade, and mucinous cancer were not independent risk factors of LNM. Thus, these findings may provide a useful basis for management of patients after local resection of early rectal cancer.

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Performance evaluation of endoscopic ultrasonography needles: Experimental study.

The performance of the six needles differed in various ways. Understanding the characteristics of each needle may allow for selection of the appropriate needle for each situation.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Usefulness of an ultrathin endoscope in esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Ultrathin endoscopes may be useful for difficult esophageal ESD.

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Validation and efficacy of the Varix Trainer model as a Training device for esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

The VTM1 distinguished varying levels of expertise for al techniques, suggesting that it is a valid tool for assessing endoscope manipulation skill. A short curriculum improved novices' manipulation skills faster than traditional practice.

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Endoscopy

Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided coil embolization and cyanoacrylate injection versus cyanoacrylate injection alone for gastric varices: a randomized comparative study.

EUS-guided coil embolization with cyanoacrylate injection achieved superior clinical success, reducing the need for reintervention and resulting in improved survival compared with cyanoacrylate injection alone.

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Intra- and Post-procedural Patient-reported Experience Measures and their Correlation with post-ERCP Adverse Events and Unplanned Healthcare Utilization.

Patient-reported symptom scores from a simple Likert-based PREM at the time of discharge from ERCP are associated with presentations for pancreatitis, perforation, and UHU within 30 days. Applying PREMs post-ERCP could potentially prevent UHU and/or facilitate earlier management and improved outcomes for patients with post-ERCP AEs.

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Gastroenterology

A Phase 3 Biomarker Validation of GALAD for the Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Cirrhosis.

GALAD score, compared to AFP, improves the detection of HCC within 12 months prior to the actual diagnosis.

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Myosin Vb Traffics P-glycoprotein to the Apical Membrane of Intestinal Epithelial Cells.

Collectively, these data demonstrate that Myo5b is necessary for the apical delivery of P-glycoprotein.

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Obesity facilitated colon cancer progression is mediated by increased diacylglycerol o-acyltransferases 1 and 2 (DGAT½) levels.

This is a novel mechanism of DGAT½-dependent metabolic and tumorigenic remodeling in obesity-facilitated colon cancer, providing a platform for the future development of effective treatments for colon cancer patients.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Feasibility and safety of endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage in inexperienced centers: a multicenter study in Southwest Japan.

The feasibility and safety of EUS-BD were maintained during the induction phase at inexperienced centers. These will be helpful in better understanding the current status of EUS-BD.

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More efficient endoscopic submucosal dissection with deeper endotracheal intubation for superficial cervical esophageal carcinoma: a dual-center, prospective, randomized controlled study.

DET can overcome technical challenges to improve the therapeutic efficiency and safety.

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Multimodal Convolutional Neural Network-Based Algorithm for Real-Time Detection and Differentiation of Malignant and Inflammatory Biliary Strictures in Cholangioscopy: a Proof of Concept Study with Video.

Our algorithm distinguishes malignant and inflammatory bile duct lesions in dSOC videos, indicating the potential of CNN-based diagnostic support systems for both, CADe and CADx. The integration of non-image data can improve CNN based support systems, targeting current challenges in the assessment of biliary strictures.

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Outcomes of Transoral Incisionless Fundoplication (TIF 2.0): A Prospective, Multicenter Cohort Study in Academic and Community Practices (with video).

TIF 2.0 is a safe and effective endoscopic outpatient treatment option for select patients with GERD.

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Prophylactic endoscopic vacuum therapy for stricture prevention following wide-field endoscopic submucosal dissection of superficial esophageal cancer.

The prophylactic combination of EVT and BOT is a novel and promising strategy for reducing post-ESD strictures.

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Safety and efficacy of underwater endoscopic mucosal resection for 10-20 mm colorectal serrated lesions (SEA CLEAR study).

This two-center prospective study demonstrated that UEMR for SLs sized 10-20 mm was comparable to previous conventional endoscopic mucosal resection outcomes.

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Technical feasibility of endoscopic ultrasound-guided liver abscess drainage for the right hepatic lobe using a novel metal stent as first-line treatment (with video).

In conclusion, EUS-LAD for the right liver lobe using a novel PCSEMS can be feasible and safe.

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The Effect of Novel AI-based Cecum Recognition System on Adenoma Detection Metrics at Screening Colonoscopy Setting.

Implementation of a post hoc verification of cecal intubation using an AI-CRS significantly improved various adenoma metrics in screening colonoscopy.

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The application of endoscopic purse-string suture in refractory non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding:a multicenter study (with video).

The endoscopic PSS is effective in treating refractory non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding.

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Gut

Identification of PRMT5 as a therapeutic target in cholangiocarcinoma.

PRMT5 and MEP50 are frequently upregulated in human CCA, and PRMT5-targeting drugs have significant antitumoural efficacy in clinically relevant CCA models. Our findings support the evaluation of PRMT5 inhibitors in clinical trials, including their combination with cytotoxic and immune therapies.

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Long-term hepatitis B surface antigen response after finite treatment of ARC-520 or JNJ-3989.

Short-duration siRNA treatment suppressed HBsAg expression with a prolonged effect for up to 6 years in some participants.

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Metabolic reprogramming by mutant GNAS creates an actionable dependency in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas.

Background Oncogenic 'hotspot' mutations of R201C co-expression results in a gene signature of gastric pyloric metaplasia and glycolytic dependency during IPMN pathogenesis. The observed metabolic reprogramming may provide a potential target for therapeutics and interception of IPMNs.

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Hepatology

Disparity landscapes of viral-induced structural variations in hepatocellular carcinoma: Mechanistic characterization and functional implications.

Additionally, clonal disparity of HBV integration was observed among patients and the higher level of clonal disparity score can indicate poor patients' prognostication. Taken together, our study uncovered the different levels of clonal enrichment of HBV integration, mechanistic insights, and prognostic biomarker signature, to strengthen our understanding in HBV-associated hepatocarcinogenesis.

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HEAR-MHE study: Automated speech analysis identifies minimal hepatic encephalopathy and may predict future overt hepatic encephalopathy.

Automated speech analysis highly correlated with validated HE tests, associated with MHE, and may predict future OHE. Future research is needed to validate this tool and to understand how it can be implemented in clinical practice.

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Harnessing ZIKV NS2A RNA for alleviating acute hepatitis and cytokine release storm by targeting translation machinery.

In the acetaminophen (APAP)-, LPS/D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-, viral infection-induced acute hepatitis, and GVHD mouse models, mice with myeloid cell-specific knock-in of NS2A show decreased levels of serum proinflammatory cytokines and reduced tissue damage. ZIKV NS2A dampens the production of proinflammatory cytokines and alleviates inflammatory injuries by interfering translation process as RNA molecules, which suggests that NS2A RNA is potentially used to treat numerous acute inflammatory diseases characterized by CRS.

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Prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and longitudinal thyroid stimulating hormone changes in youth with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: an observational study.

The association between TSH and steatosis severity in individuals with normal thyroid hormone concentrations suggests an independent role of TSH in MASLD.

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TREM2 macrophages mediate the beneficial effects of bariatric surgery against MASH.

Mechanistically, TREM2 prevents the inflammatory activation of macrophages and is required for their efferocytic function. Overall, our findings indicate that bariatric surgery improves MASH through a reparative process driven by TREM2+ macrophages, providing insights into the mechanisms of disease reversal that may result in new therapies and improved surgical interventions.

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J Hepatol

Non-invasive assessment of severe liver fibrosis in patients with Fontan-associated liver disease: The VALDIG-EASL FONLIVER cohort.

Severe liver fibrosis is prevalent in adults following Fontan-type palliation and can be effectively estimated using with the novel FonLiver risk score. This scoring system can be easily incorporated into the routine assessment of patients with Fontan circulation.

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Targeting PYK2 with heterobifunctional T6BP helps mitigate MASLD and MASH-HCC progression.

Our study revealed a previously unknown mechanism identification of T6BP as a key eliminator of fatty liver strongly contributes to the development of promising therapeutic targets, and the discovery of crucial fragments of T6BP-based pharmacon that interrupt PYK2 dimerization are novel and viable treatments for fatty liver and its advanced symptoms and complications. Impact and implications Excessive high-energy diet ingestion is critical in driving steatohepatitis via regulation of hepatocyte non-receptor tyrosine kinases. The mechanisms under lying the regulation of hepatocyte PYK2 in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) remain largely unclear. Here, we found that T6BP as a critical fatty liver eliminator has a significant impact on the development of promising therapeutic targets. Additionally, vital T6BP-based pharmacon fragments that impede PYK2 dimerization have been found, offering new and effective treatments for advanced fatty liver symptoms and complications.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: Advancing care in Crohn's disease-Time to standardise bowel preparation scales.

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Editorial: Does ESWL-ERCP for pancreatic duct stone removal change the natural course of symptomatic chronic calcific pancreatitis?

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Review article: Recommendations for detection, assessment and management of suspected drug-induced liver injury during clinical trials in oncology patients.

This review brings together evidence-based recommendations and expert opinion to provide the first dedicated consensus for best practices in detection, assessment, and management of DILI in oncology clinical trials.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Update on the epidemiology and management of microscopic colitis.

There is an unmet need to further define the pathophysiology of microscopic colitis. Additionally, trials with novel therapies, particularly in patients with budesonide-refractory disease, are needed.

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Gastroenterology

Where do non-invasive colorectal cancer tools 'FIT' alongside colonoscopy in the surveillance of high-risk patients?

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Gut

Targeting TL1A and DR3: the new frontier of anti-cytokine therapy in IBD.

In conclusion, TL1A:DR3 signalling plays a central and multifaceted role in the immunological pathways that underlie intestinal inflammation, such as that observed in IBD. Such evidence provides the foundation for developing pharmaceutical approaches targeting this ligand-receptor pair in IBD.

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J Hepatol

From the Editor's Desk...

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Clinical Updates in Colon Endoscopic Mucosal Resection.

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Small Bowel Bleeding.

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Endosc Int Open

Detective flow imaging endoscopic ultrasound for locating optimal puncture site for a poorly vascularized pancreatic mass.

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Endoscopy

A case of endoscopic selective muscular dissection for calcifying fibrous tumor.

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A novel traction method using a multi-loop traction device in colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection: Anchor traction method.

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Colorectal polyp size measurement: can we trust our own eyes?

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Diagnosis of rare tubular duplication small bowel malformation in adult woman by enteroscopy.

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Digital single-operator cholangioscope-assisted endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy in the management of Crohn's disease with acute appendicitis.

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Electrohydraulic lithotripsy using double-balloon enteroscopy for removal of true enterolith in a patient with unknown ileal stenosis.

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Endoscopic incision for removal of an impacted appendiceal fecalith.

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Eosinophilic esophageal myositis: a rare cause of dysphagia.

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Never say never: a novel approach to tackle a bleeding ectopic varix.

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Peroral pancreatoscopy without a guidewire for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm.

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Post-endoscopy upper gastrointestinal cancer: how to move from the dark side.

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Segmental absence of intestinal musculature in the cecum of an adult identified during endoscopic submucosal dissection.

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Surveillance after polyp removal: quality really matters.

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Unblocking a terminolateral anastomosis on an interposed coloplasty for caustic esophagitis: placement of a lumen-apposing metal stent to straighten the lumen.

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Use of an endoscopic virtual ruler based on the fiber laser principle and artificial intelligence technology.

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Usefulness of a small-caliber tip transparent hood in endoscopic submucosal dissection for pharyngeal cancer.

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Gastroenterology

Dual Targeting of Syndecan-1 and Glucose Transporter-1 with a Novel Lipid-Based Delivery System Enhances Therapeutic Efficacy and Overcomes Chemoresistance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

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EUS-guided Rendezvous versus Needle-knife Sphincterotomy Following Difficult Biliary Cannulation in ERCP for Benign Disease.

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Reevaluating stemness in the intestinal crypt.

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Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in the Intensive Care Unit - More Evidence of Benefit.

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The Brain and the Immune System: A Dynamic Duo in Detecting and Defending.

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Gastrointest Endosc

A novel treatment:EUS-guided ethanol ablation for primary hyperparathyroidism ineligible by percutaneous access(with video).

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Application of Functional Lumen Imaging Probe in the Evaluation and Treatment of Anorectal Strictures.

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Best of Colonoscopy 2024.

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Cyst in Chronic pancreatitis: A diagnostic mirage.

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Diagnosis of ovarian adenocarcinoma by EUS-guided through-the-needle biopsy (with video).

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Double-Balloon Enteroscopy Retrieval of Dislodged Lumen Apposing Metal Stent.

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EUS-Guided Trans-gastric Drainage of Pancreaticopleural Fistula.

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Endoscopic management of appendiceal endometriosis.

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Enteroscopy-Assisted Band Ligation for Hemostasis of Deep Small Bowel Bleeding.

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New Therapeutic Approach for Anastomotic Leaks Following Ileoanal-J-Pouch Construction in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis.

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Pre-procedure Arterial Embolization as a Novel Proactive Approach for Safe Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection.

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Submucosal tunneling biopsy is an effective technique for diagnosing malignant esophageal stricture.

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Gut

Commentary on: the management of patients with gastric intestinal metaplasia.

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High-risk varices in patients with Child-Pugh-Turcotte B and C: consider band ligation with carvedilol for preventing first variceal bleeding, especially in patients with MASLD-associated cirrhosis.

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Statins for MAFLD/MASH: another brick in the wall while waiting for final answers.

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Hepatology

Editorial: Looking at Neptune with a binocular.

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Letter to the Editor: Benchmarking clinical risk prediction algorithms with ensemble machine learning for the non-invasive diagnosis of liver fibrosis in NAFLD.

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Uncovering epigenetic heterogeneity in hepatocellular carcinoma.

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J Hepatol

From dark bile to bright insight: A liver biopsy with advanced fibrosis and severe cholestasis.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: Advancing care in Crohn's disease-Time to standardise bowel preparation scales. Authors' reply.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Editorial: Does ESWL-ERCP for pancreatic duct stone removal change the natural course of symptomatic chronic calcific pancreatitis? Authors' reply.

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Letter: Assessing the prognostic value of agile 3+ and agile 4 scores in predicting chronic kidney disease development in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

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Letter: Association of myokines with disease progression and outcomes in patients with alcohol-associated liver disease.

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Letter: Association of myokines with disease progression and outcomes in patients with alcohol-associated liver disease-Authors' reply.

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Letter: Enhancing gastric cancer prevention-The need for a comprehensive three-tier emergency management strategy.

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Letter: Enhancing gastric cancer prevention-The need for a comprehensive three-tier emergency management strategy. Authors' reply.

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Letter: Ulcerative proctitis, a step towards addressing the knowledge gap, and a call for greater detail, in trial data-Authors' reply.

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Letter: Ulcerative proctitis-A step towards addressing the knowledge gap, and a call for greater detail, in trial data.

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Gastroenterology

Comments on "Diagnosis and Management of Pancreatic Cysts".

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Gut

Cold EMR, hot EMR or ESD for large benign adenoma: not one size fits all.

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Extending inflamed-class signature to predict immune checkpoint inhibitor-based combination therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

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J Hepatol

Addressing the Complexities of Food Insecurity and MASLD: A Call for Comprehensive and Culturally Sensitive Public Health Strategies.

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Fatigue and Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs) in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis.

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Prediction of HBsAg loss after cessation of entecavir therapy.

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Reassessing the causal association between frailty and chronic liver disease: Evidence from genetic analyses.

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Recognizing Significant Role of Microvascular Invasion in Postoperative Aggressive Recurrence of Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

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